Trust was the price of ignorance; mercy is the price of omniscience.

The Western tradition treats trust as a virtue. This work argues it is a cost — what you pay when verification is expensive. Computation makes verification cheap. The question becomes constitutional when the dominant coordination is no longer between persons but between autonomous systems that compose faster than any institution can adjudicate. What replaces trust — and what no amount of verification can replace.

John Komkov · 2026